New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from industrial

A STUDY TO INVESTIGATE VIBRATION EXPOSURE AMONG ON ROAD TRACTOR VEHICLE DRIVERS by Chander Prakash 

Abstract

For being an agricultural country, over 60 percent of India’s land area is arable, contributes to 16 percent of GDP and employment of 65 percent of total workforce. All such contributions couldn’t be possible without modernization of agriculture by means of mechanized machinery such as tractors. On the contrary, tractors have been found to be a major source of occupational whole body vibration which may affect human ride comfort. So, present study has been undertaken to investigate occupational whole body vibration exposures among tractor drivers while performing on-road as well as in-field harrowing operation. Ten (10) male drivers having mean age 25.10±3.78 years, body mass 75.3±8.54 Kg, stature 1.548±0.01 meter and body mass index 31.43±3.48 Kg/m2 were considered for conducting experimental runs. A total of three hundred sixty (360) experiments were conducted. It has been found that majority of vibration exposure levels in vertical axis were found to be exceeding exposure action value (EAV) as recommended by ISO 2631-1 1997 under on-road operations at 1500 as well as 2000 RPM levels. However, such exposure levels were observed to be exceeding EAV level in x, y and z axes under harrowing operation at 1500 RPM. Moreover, exposure values found above than exposure limit value (ELV) at 2000 RPM. Consequently, postural variation also showed varying vibration responses among all the selected subjects under different experimental conditions. The daily exposure A(8) and daily dose (VDVexp) value were also exceeding ISO exposure limits which may lead to severe health disorders if exposed to such vibrations for long term. Although, 1/3 octave analysis depicted a dominant frequency range of 3.15-4 Hz among all the subjects under entire on-road experimentation. While, frequency about 10 Hz found to be dominant under harrowing operation at both 1500 and 2000 RPM levels. Hence, it has been concluded that tractors needed more

designing efforts in order to damp vibration levels. In addition to it, suitable working time might be planned for operating tractor for various applications accordingly so vibration levels remains up to ISO exposure limits.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from civil

TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF NUMBER OF CELLS IN 2-LANE AND 4-LANE PRE-STRESSED BOX GIRDER BRIDGE DECK by Romila 

Abstract

Bridges are the key elements in any road construction network, use of box girder is gaining popularity in bridge engineering fraternity because of its better stability, serviceability, economy, aesthetic appearance and structural efficiency. The structural behavior of box girder is complicated, which is difficult to analyze in its actual conditions by conventional methods. In present study 2- lane & 4-lane Prestressed Box Girder Bridge is analyzed for moving loads, dead load & Prestressed load, as per Indian Road Congress IRC:6-2014 “standard specifications and code of practice for road bridges”, Prestressed Code IS: 1343-2012: code of practice for Prestressed concrete& IRC:18-2000 for “Prestressed Concrete Road Bridges” specifications. The analysis of box girder is done by using CSIBridge2016 and Prestressed with parabolic tendons which utilize full section. The various spans 40m, 50m & 60m are considered to study the effect of no. of cells for 2-lane & 4-lane at which stresses, B.M, S.F and deflection are compared.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from electronics

DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF 14nm 7-FIN SOI FINFET  by Gurleen Kaur

Abstract

Scaling of standard CMOS is becoming difficult due to rising subthreshold leakage and gate leakage.

FinFETs i.e. Multi-gate FETs have come out as the most assuring contenders to extend the scaling of

CMOS insub-25nm region this is because of more electrostatic control due to use of multiple gatesover the channel which lowers the coupling between drain and source in the subthreshold regime. Both bulk and SOI FinFETs are capable of attaining similar performance. Bulk FinFETs need more convoluted doping implementation. Variability control is complex in bulk FinFETs. Dielectric isolation in SOI FinFETs results in reduced leakage current and parasitic capacitances. Sharper subthreshold slope, lower mobility degradation and smaller body effect can be achieved with SOI MOSFETs when operated in full depletion mode. Driving capability for small voltage designs can be increased by use of SOI FinFETs. This results in diminished threshold voltage roll off, reliable narrow junctions, absolute removal of latch up problems. In this thesis work, 14nm 7-fin SOI FinFET is designed and analysed using Visual TCAD. And it’s V-I characteristics are obtained and also Ion , Ioff , Ion /Ioff ratio, SS and Vth is calculated from that. And Ion /Ioff ratio is optimized w.r.t. Temperature and Oxide thickness variation using PSO.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from computer

PERFORMING ANALYTICS ON HEALTHCARE DATA USING HADOOP HIVE by Upasna Sharma 

Abstract

Big Data analysis poses huge challenges for organizations to extract meaningful information considering huge variety and volume of data made openly available related to finance, business, healthcare, etc. Not only the people but even machines are generating data too e.g. satellites, washing machines, wearable gadgets, buildings equipped with recorders, smoke detectors and cameras, wind turbines, and what not. Sensors are installed on so many devices which contribute to Big Data generation to a large extent. Now the problem is that there is already gigantic amount of data, but the main area of concern is how to analyse the data to draw new inferences from it and gain some knowledge. The main aim of the proposed work is to analyse large data sets effectively and compare the performance of Hive over Map-Reduce, Impala and Hive over Spark based on data load time and average query time. Also, query optimization has been done using compression algorithms like ORC and PARQUET. ORC is the latest compression algorithm in the domain of Hadoop. Impala is better than other platforms in terms of query execution on a simple text file as it provides the least query execution latency. Hive over Spark is a great platform to store and analyse large data sets by combining the techniques of partitioning and compression. There is approximately 50% improvement in query execution time of Hive MR by using compression format ORC and Parquet. Impala does not work on ORC format. So, it is used only on PARQUET format and shows 60-70% improvement in query execution performance.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from civil

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SUGARCANE BAGASSE ASH IN CONCRETE BY PARTIAL REPLACEMENT WITH CEMENT by Amandeep Kaur

Abstract

There are dozens impacts of cement on our environment. More environmental problems are enerated by manufacturing of cement in cement industries and they can produce CO2 emissions in large amount. Researchers are more focused on the environmental effects. With increases the demand and consumption of cement, researchers are in search of developing an secondary binders of material that binders are ecofriendly and impart the waste management. The reduction of waste material can be reduced by the utilization of industrial and agricultural waste material which are produced by the industries. In this present work, sugarcane bagasse ash is used as a binding material in concrete. The sugarcane bagasse is produced by the sugar mills after the extraction of juice. The sugarcane bagasse ash is obtained when it is burnt on uncontrolled conditions. Sugarcane bagasse ash is the most part of land fill. Sugarcane bagasse ash is taken from Ludhiana and used as pozzalonic material because it contain pozzalonic properties. In this work, M25 grade of concrete used by replacing of sugarcane bagasse ash (0%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12%) by weight of cement. The properties for hardened concrete. The tests conducted compressive strength at the age of 7 and 28 days. The Flexural strength, Split tensile strength, Water absorption, Abrasion resistance and Water permeability test was conducted at the age of 28 days. The tests results of compression, split tensile and flexural strength and permeability increases upto a certain limit, than it start decreases. The water absorption increases with increases the percentages of sugarcane bagasse ash in concrete

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from civil

ANALYSIS OF SHEAR WALL WITH DIFFERENT CONFIGURATION IN MULTISTOREY BUILDING by Manvinder Kingra 

Abstract

Shear wall is a structural system composed of braced panels (also known as shear panels) to counter the effects of lateral load acting on a structure. Wind and seismic loads are the most common loads that shear walls are designed to carry. Shear walls resist in-plane loads that are applied along its height. A diaphragm, collector, or drag member generally transfers the applied load to the wall. They are built in wood, concrete, and CMU (masonry). Shear walls must provide the necessary lateral strength to resist horizontal earthquake forces. The present thesis is made in the interest of studying and analysis of various research works involved in enhancement of shear walls and their behavior towards lateral loads. As shear walls resists major portions of lateral loads in the lower portion of the buildings and the frame supports the lateral loads in the upper portions of building, which is suited for soft storey high-rise building, as in India base floors used for parking and garages or officers and upper floors are used for residential purposes. Shear wall is designed in a high-rise building and in earthquakes prone areas. In this research, the shear wall is analyzed by using SAP 2000 software. The main function of shear wall is to resist lateral force acting on the structure by acting like a deep beam. Normally they are located inside building and mostly walls that support lift is reinforced to act as shear walls. Linear and Nonlinear Analysis is done which includes various load combination based on the Indian Code provisions i.e. IS standard (IS 875 (PART I & PART II) – 1987) and Seismic load as per as IS standard IS 1893 PART I – 2007 and IS 456- 2000. This report includes various chapter in which applied to putting together of G+10 floor situated in ZONE IV in Ludhiana. Shear force, bending moment and floor drift be computed and location of shear wall with heights and types would be found. For this study, 11-storey building with a 3.2 -meters height for each storey, regular in the plan is modeled. These buildings are designed in keeping with the Indian Code. The buildings are assumed to be fixed at the base. The sections of structural elements are rectangular. Storey heights of buildings are assumed constant including the ground storey. Five different models are studied with different positioning of the shear wall in the building. Models are studied in zone IV comparing lateral displacement for all models.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from computer

NOVEL APPROACH FOR DRUG DISCOVERY USING NEURAL NETWORK BACK PROPAGATION ALGORITHM by Neha Tandon 

Abstract

A complex structure that focuses on the analysis of variety of levels in regular manner is known as the ontology process. It is different from the methods that evaluate the ontology in a direct manner. When there is a need to transcendently automate the evaluation and not totally leaving the work on clients is the main focus here. There has been an involvement in the programmed learning methods for constructing the ontology which is completely a level-based method. There are different strategies included for various levels. There are all these levels that are defined at various levels. The hominidae species is represented as base class in the ontology method. Here the class, object properties as well as data properties are present. There are three classes further present which are gene, Go_id and the gene functionality. For the purpose of mapping the two base classes, the object properties are utilized. Basically it involves the five different properties that are belongs_to, has_go, has_gene, has_evidence, and has_functionality. In this work, technique is been proposed which is based on the neural networks which will mark the area for which the drug need to be discovered. The proposed technique is implemented in MATLAB and it is been analyzed that accuracy is increased and execution time is reduced.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from computer

 SMOOTHENING OF CONCATENATIVE GENERATED SPEECH by Sarpreet Kaur Gill 

Abstract

Speech Synthesis is the procedure of changing texture to speech signal. Basically, it is an artificial production of human speech. There are mainly three methods used to build Text To Speech (TTS) systems, namely, Articulatory, Formant and Concatenate synthesis. One of the main problems is the occurrence of various discontinuities among two concatenative samples. When the connection between various speech samples is well audible, it deals with the gapping scenario. The speech which is synthesized can work very genuine if the discontinuities at the points of the concatenation are noiseless. But the problem arises when these concatenations of the joins are clearly audible, their presence can create problems to the auditor and it deals with the reduction of the overall quality measure for the synthesis of speech samples. Databases containing longer discourse units and the assortment of yield is restricted there will be lesser connection focuses. In frameworks where discourse is made by consolidating substantial number of littler discourse units, there is an expansion in the quantity of joins and subsequently discontinuities. So our proposed system deals with the hybrid filtration with hidden markov model for the speech synthesis. The filtration process deals with the beam forming approach which will filter out the high frequency components and will eliminate it from the signal. Then HMM will train the system and as a result of which we will get the transition and estimation probabilities. The evaluation of the output speech signal is done on the basis of two parameters Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). For smoothen signal the value of Mean Square Error should be low and the value of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio should be high.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from civil

Biogas production from food waste and effect of its slurry on Plant growth by Somil Thakur 

Abstract

Increasing population has increased the amount of waste generation leading to a new crisis in the form of solid waste management. Scientists around the world are focusing on the alternatives to utilize this solid waste in an energy efficient way. This solid waste includes both biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials. Kitchen waste forms a major portion of this biodegradable waste. The presented study is based on utilization of this abundant biodegradable waste for producing biogas which is the best source of renewable energy. Biogas production is an age old concept to produce energy using mainly cattle dung. However, the slurry produced from such plants has always been an issue to discuss. This study provides a solution to this problem by utilization of slurry as compost. The total biogas production was 4290ml, 4450ml, 6430ml, 12210ml, 11175ml in Digester number A, B, C, D, E respectively after 33 days of study. Also best growth of ladyfinger plant was observed by slurry of digester number E. This is a novel work focused on food waste as well as slurry management through biogas production. Different process parameters were analyzed during the process of biogas generation i.e. Total Solids, Suspended Solids, pH and Volatile Fatty Acids etc. This process technology can be further used to set-up small scale biogas plants in households for proper use of gas generation by food waste under natural environmental conditions and efficient usage of slurry

produced.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from civil

Stabilization of Sewage Sludge by Vermi Composting by Sonakshi Gurung 

Abstract

Toxic concentrations of heavy metals have been reported to be present in STPs as many industries dispose their waste directly in domestic sewers without prior treatment and thus they are carried to the sludge generated during the treatment processes. This sludge is directly fed to fields without any proper analysis or treatment which ultimately enters the food chain. This problem can be handled by biodegradation methods to lessen its threat to the environment. This study used one such technique of vermi composting for stabilizing the toxic sludge. Aerobic sewage sludge was assembled from the SBR unit of sewage treatment plant situated at Bhattian, Ludhiana. The work aimed at reducing the heavy metal content (Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb) from aerobic sewage sludge by the vermicomposting method using earthworm Eisenia foetida with the different activators (Cow Dung, Poultry Manure and Horse Dung) at 50:50 proportion by mass for 105-day period. Vermi-beds of size 3´×3´×0.5´ were set up and the raw material was inserted in the said proportions. The lab and field analysis were performed on regular intervals. The parameters considered for the study were pH, moisture content, total carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, total potassium, total phosphorus and the heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb). The results showed that both cow dung and poultry manure are commensurable for causing the decomposition of the sewage sludge and were better than horse dung. And for stabilizing the heavy metals, cow dung acted as the best activator. The lab analysis depicted high values of chromium which made it the main toxic element that needed removal. The study further showed that there are high heavy metal contents in the activator themselves which contribute to the high values in the pit material at the initial stages but still considering their stabilization effect they are added. the sewage sludge waste but in case of heavy metals, cow dung acts as the best stabilization material.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from civil

EFFECT OF STEEL FIBERS ON GFRP WRAPPED CONCRETE BEAMS by Bikramjit Singh 

Abstract

The fiber demand has been increased in civil engineering applications to enhance the properties of concrete. The cost effective technique is needed with this new material which improves the structural properties. The tensile reinforcement can be replaced fully or partially by using steel fibers. From earlier studies, it has been established that steel fiber improves the compressive as well as tensile strength of the concrete. There is an innovative idea to improve the strength and ductility of the concrete by using steel fibers with different proportions along with the Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Fabric as an external reinforcement. Because steel fibers provide inherent tensile strength to the concrete and GFRP fabric also improves the ductility of the concrete and reduces the corrosion of the member. So this combination of steel fibers and GFRP fabric is a great deal to enhance the post cracking strength of the concrete. So this experimental study is used to compare the flexural strength and ductility of the concrete beams and SFRC beams strengthened with GFRP fabric. The tests were conducted by using length of 60mm of fibers, aspect ratio 80 and volume fraction 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% by varying steel fiber content. The compression test was conducted on cubes and flexural test on prismatic beams. Then comparison between ductility of conventional concrete beams and SFRC beams and beams wrapped with GFRP Lamina was done. It was found that the load carrying capacity

increased as the fiber content increases from 0.5% to 1.5% and then decreases at 2%. Remarkable rise is noted in flexural strength with an increase in fiber content up to 1.5%. The flexural strength of  SFRC 1.5% beams was increased by 102.5% than control beam and 44.93% than SFRC 1.5% beam without wrapping. The compressive strength of SFRC 1.5% cubes is increased by 20.25% than control cubes. The deflection ductility increases at 1.5% fiber volume fraction in both SFRC beams without wrapping and SFRC beams wrapped with GFRP lamina.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from civil

HYPO SLUDGE AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT IN CONCRETE by Navraj Kaur Brar 

Abstract

The increasing amount of waste is a concerning reality that has arose the sustainability issues of the environment. Hypo sludge in the paper mill generates a huge amount of waste in the form of slurry, disposal of which causes environmental pollution. The production of cement also accounts for the global warming by releasing carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere. Therefore, formulation of concrete with industrial waste can help in minimizing the environmental problems. In this study hypo sludge was used as a replacement of cement in concrete. In present experimental investigation, the various percentages of hypo sludge such as 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% were replaced by cement in concrete. The different parameters with varying proportions of hypo sludge to minimize the use of cement in concrete such as the compressive strength at 7 days and 28 days, flexural strength, split tensile strength and water permeability test at 28 days.