New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from civil

EFFECT OF CODE REVISION ON COST OF WATER TANK by Harkomal Kaur

Abstract

In present scenario structural designer are not using working stress method but limit state method is extensively used comparison to working stress method. Indian standard does not added limit state design for a very long time IS: 3370 for water tank, accepted limit state design after considering the cracking width check. In the new design provision the code has three design procedures for designing the concrete structure

which store water.

i) Working Stress Method.

ii) Limit State Design Method – Crack width check.

iii) Limit State Design Method – Deemed to satisfy.

The objectives of the present investigation were

1. Investigating, effect on materials used at component level due to revision of code.

2. Investigating, effect on cost at component level due to revision of code.

3. Proposing guidelines for designer, to obtain cost effective solution, based on IS: 3370 (2009).

In the investigation two types of tank were taken for a comparative study Circular tank, Intze tank. Circular tank is used for less capacity where as Intze tank is used for large capacity. The tanks are designed as elevated reservoir both tanks are designed by same dimensions and studied with following method.

1) Working stress method IS: 3370 (1965)

2) Working stress method IS: 3370 (2009)

3) Limit State Method of Design and checking cracking width by limit state of Serviceability IS: 3370 (2009)

4) Limit state design process by limiting steel stresses in accordance IS: 3370 (2009)

(Deemed to be satisfied) The tanks were designed by above method with different Mix design; steel used in the design is high yield strength deformed bars. All tanks were taken as 1000 m3 capacities with same dimensions for particular elements of tank, which helped to study the elements in depth and considering the change in the various parameters.

Following are the points observed in this study:-

1. Permissible stress in steel in tension according to working stress method IS: 3370 (1965) and (2009) the value of is 150 N/mm2 and 130 N/mm2 where as in limit state method IS: 3370 (2009) the value of is 130 N/mm2 . These changes the reinforcement quantity for both tanks considered in the study.

2. It has been seen that the area of reinforcement increases in intze tank and decreases in circular tank

because of less structural element. So the circular tank is considered to be the cost effecting water tank design then intze tank for the present calculated capacity.

3. The size of different member changed in the limit state design method IS: 3370 (2009) (crack width) and remained same for working stress method by IS: 3370 (1965) and IS: 3370 (2009). The requirement of area of steel increased in the working stress method IS: 3370 (2009) for intze type water tanks as the allowable stresses in steel were lower. In working stress method the stresses in members is calculated and taken from the working loads which increases the thickness and quantity of steel where as in the limit state design the load is taken from the design strength of the structure

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from Production

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS FOR DEVELOPEMENT OF HYBRID FEED STOCK FILAMENT OF FUSED DEPOSITION MODELLING FROM RECYCLED NYLON-TiO2 (70-30%wt.) BLEND by Robin Thakur 

Abstract

Fused deposition modeling is one of the established RP processes having ability to produce functional parts with the complex geometrical designs. In the past 20 years lot of work has been carried out on the FDM process. But hitherto no work has been reported for the FDM process on the in house developed FDM filament on the recycled Nyoln-TiO2 (70-30%wt.) blend. In the present work an attempt has been made for controlling the process parameters of twin screw extruder for the in-house production of reinforced Nylon-TiO2 FDM filament. The present research work has been performed on recycled Nylon-TiO2 (70-30%wt.) blend (using twin screw extruder) by considering the three output parameters (temperature of the barrel, rpm of the screw and load applied to the extrusion process). Investigations were performed to check the influence of process parameters on mechanical and metallurgical properties (like: tensile strength, Break strength, Peak load). The results are supported by photomicrographs

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from Production

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF BIOCOMPATIBLE FEEDSTOCK FILAMENT COMPRISING OF PVC, PP AND HAp FOR FDM by Nishant Rajan 

Abstract

Twin-screw extrusion (TSE) is one of the commercially established processes for reinforcement of metallic/non metallic/ ceramic fillers in polymer matrix. In this study, biocompatible feedstock filament has been prepared (in-house) for commercial fused deposition modelling (FDM) setup with biocompatible grade polymers, namely: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polypropylene (PP) which is reinforced with the Hydroxyapatite (HAp). In this study, mechanical, thermal and metallurgical properties have been established and best-feed stock filament wire for development of partial/complete denture on the FDM with functionally graded surfaces properties have been recommended for future applications. The process parameters were optimized using Minitab software based on Taguchi L18 orthogonal array and results are supported by photomicrographs.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from Production

INVESTIGATIONS FOR DEVELOMENT OF 3D SCAFFOLDS BY USING IN-HOUSE FDM FILAMENT COMPRISING OF PVC, PP and HAp by Ravinder Sharma 

Abstract

The fused deposition modelling (FDM) has emerged as one of the most widely used process for fabrication of 3D functional/non-functional prototypes. The process has been commercially used for various applications in the field of architectural, structural or biomedical engineering (with the aid of various commercially available polymeric materials like ABS, Nylon etc.). All these filaments are available in market ‘as patented material’ and thus add to high cost of the final product (especially, when one is interested in bio-compatible features of the polymeric materials). In this present research work an effort has been made to develop a bio-compatible FDM filament comprising of PVC, PP and HAp, which has been further used to fabricate 3D porous structures. The various input process parameters of FDM (like: infill percentage, layer thickness, and deposition speed) were selected and their effects have been studied with the help of design of experimentation. Further theses process parameters have been optimised for various mechanical, dimensional, surface and thermal properties using analysis of variance. The results of the study highlighted that the infill density and layer thickness have majorly contributed towards the tensile properties (peak load, break load, peak elongation, break elongation and yield stress), whereas infill percentage has major contribution on the surface roughness and hardness of the fabricated parts. The deposition speed has least effect on the mechanical and surface properties of the specimens. The dimensional accuracy has been majorly affected by the deposition speed of the FDM. The SEM microphotographs show that the FDM fabricated 3D structures are having open porous and fibrous structure and hence can be applied for bio-medical applications. Finally the thermal analysis (on DSC) ensures the thermal stability of the material for dental applications.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from cse

TEXT TO SPEECH CONVERSION FOR PUNJABI USING FORMANT SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUE by Ruhi Rani 

Abstract

This thesis work is done with the purpose of generating Punjabi sound. For this the formant synthesis

technique is used. The Punjabi text is given as input to the system. The provided text to the system is first analyzed and converted into the required form for generating the synthetic speech. For this, a phonetic tool PRAAT is used. The sound units for Punjabi are scripted with their various characteristics such as pitch, bandwidth and formant frequency. With the help of various rules the text that is provided to the system is converted in to the smallest unit that is letters. The scripts are written in PRAAT tool for these letters and then the code is written for the concatenation of these letters so that the final synthetic speech is generated. Thus the high quality speech is generated as an output of the system.

New M.Tech. Thesis Submitted from civil

EFFECT OF CONFINEMENT USING GFRP WRAP ON STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE REPLACING COARSE AGGREGATES WITH BRICK BALLAST by Gagandeep Singh 

Abstract

Concrete of grade M25 was produced and the study on response of the concrete under compressive loading was done by partially replacing the coarse aggregate by brick ballast. The percentage by which the coarse aggregate were replaced by brick ballast was 0%, 20%, 30% and 40% (by weight). The strength properties of the concrete with brick ballast were then compared with conventional concrete samples. Compressive strength of concrete made by brick ballast surpassed the compressive strength of conventional concrete by 22%. Single and double GFRP wraps were used to confine the brick ballast concrete and comparison of compressive strength was studied with the conventional and brick ballast concrete (without wrap). Results showed that with the increase in confinement using wraps the brittle failure gets reduced thereby increasing the compressive strength. By using the brick ballast as replacement of coarse aggregate, concrete produced is lighter in weight in comparison to the conventional concrete, by 7% if 40% coarse aggregates are replaced by the brick bats. If concrete with the brick ballast is used practically than dead load will also get reduced, hence giving a more economical and sustainable solution to building industry